In the Swedish Nationalencyklopedin (2007-2010) they show estimates of languages spoken by number of native speakers. In first place is Mandarin Chinese accounts for about 14.4% of the worlds population (955m(million); second place Spanish for about 6.15% (405m), then third place English approx. 5.43% (360m).
Then in order (showing just percentages) comes Hindi (4.7%); Arabic (4.43%); Portuguese (3.27%); Bengali (3.11%); Russian (2.33%). Those at 1%+ (in descending order) Japanese; Punjabi; German; Javanese; Wu (China); Malay/Indonesian; Telugu (India); Vietnamese; Korean; French*
; Marathi
(India); Tamil (India). After that far too many to name but you see find them here:
native speakers as well as a link to endangered languages
*Surprising to see French (with 74m) only accounts for 1.12% of native speakers although if you check amongst endangered languages there are quite a few French dialect variable languages listed.
The six official languages of the United Nations are: ARABIC, CHINESE, ENGLISH, FRENCH, RUSSIAN & SPANISH
In the past the traditional languages taught in schools (in the UK) were French, Spanish & German. (
I, for instance, learned French, my wife Spanish not that either of us ever progressed much beyond the 'la plume de ma tante' stage or whatever the Spanish equivalent). But the British - perhaps as a legacy of our 'Rule Britannia' past -still thought it was the place of 'foreigners' to speak our language rather than for us to learn theirs.
I read currently the government is trying to expand the range of languages taught to include Arabic, Mandarin & Urdu, and Mandarin is predicted to become the second most popular foreign language learned in UK schools.
So although we British like to think the English language is taking over the world -helped in large part of course by being spoken in North America(as US English), Canada, Australia, Ireland, New Zealand and most of the Commonwealth of Nations - and the adopted language of the air (spoken by Pilots) and at Sea - in truth it shares just third place. Currently the English language is the dominant choice as a second 'foreign' language (even in China) which no doubt will cause it to keep its third place. Even so I would take no bets that perhaps in very short time it will be overtaken by Hindi and Arabic whilst Mandarin Chinese will forever reign supreme as the dominant language of the world.